backbones
/ˈbækˌboʊnz/
NOUN
1. Spinal columns
The series of vertebrae that extends along the back of a vertebrate animal, enclosing and protecting the spinal cord.
1.1. Anatomy and skeletal structure
Refers to the spinal columns of humans or other vertebrate animals, which provide structural support and protect the spinal cord.
Synonyms
- spinal columns
- vertebral columns
- spines
- backs
- chines
Examples
- The researchers compared the backbones of several mammal species.
- The fossils revealed unusually long backbones in the prehistoric animals.
- Injuries to the backbones can affect posture and spinal function.
Related Words
- vertebrae
- vertebras
- spinal cords
- intervertebral discs
- skeletons
- vertebrates
- cervical spines
- lumbar spines
NOUN
2. Fundamental supports and foundations
The essential supporting structures, systems, or elements on which an organization, activity, or institution depends.
2.1. Essential infrastructure and structural support
Describes the principal systems, structures, or resources that enable an organization, industry, or society to function.
Synonyms
- foundations
- bedrocks
- bases
- mainstays
- cornerstones
- underpinnings
- supports
- infrastructures
- frameworks
Examples
- Reliable communication networks are the backbones of modern businesses.
- Small enterprises remain the backbones of many local economies.
- Strong transportation systems serve as the backbones of regional development.
Related Words
- pillars
- keystones
- substructures
- bulwarks
- buttresses
- groundworks
- roots
- cores
- linchpins
2.2. People providing essential support
Refers to the individuals or groups whose efforts, contributions, and commitment provide the principal support for an organization, community, or team.
Synonyms
- mainstays
- pillars
- supports
- upholders
- sustainers
Examples
- Dedicated volunteers are the backbones of many charitable organizations.
- Experienced teachers form the backbones of a successful education system.
- The veteran players have become the backbones of the team.
Related Words
- contributors
- volunteers
- supporters
- workforce
- personnel
- members
- staff
- leaders
NOUN
3. Courage and strength of character
The qualities of courage, determination, and firmness that enable people to face difficulties and stand by their principles.
3.1. Courage and bravery
Describes the courage and inner strength needed to confront danger, opposition, or difficult circumstances without surrendering to fear.
Synonyms
- courage
- bravery
- fortitude
- guts
- nerve
- mettle
- fearlessness
- valor
Antonyms
- cowardice
- timidity
- faintheartedness
- spinelessness
Examples
- The leaders demonstrated their backbones by speaking out against corruption.
- It takes backbones to defend an unpopular but necessary decision.
- The employees admired the backbones shown by their colleagues during the crisis.
Related Words
- heroism
- boldness
- audacity
- grit
- resilience
- determination
- steadfastness
3.2. Determination and firmness of character
Emphasizes the resolve and strength of will required to remain committed to one's decisions, beliefs, or principles despite pressure.
Synonyms
- determination
- resolve
- resoluteness
- steadfastness
- tenacity
- firmness
- willpower
Antonyms
- indecision
- irresolution
- vacillation
- weakness
Examples
- The organization needed leaders with backbones to implement difficult reforms.
- Their backbones were tested when the project faced serious opposition.
- The negotiators showed their backbones by refusing to abandon their essential demands.
Related Words
- perseverance
- persistence
- conviction
- moral fiber
- integrity
- endurance
- self-confidence